COMPONENTS - COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER HARDWARE & SOFTWARE

Component - Component In Computer Hardware

Computer Hardware also called Computer Architecture and also can be defined and categorized as a science and an art on how to interconnect hardware components to be able to create a computer that meets the functional requirements , performance , and costs targets . But here we will only discuss the architecture in general , computer architectures Broadly speaking, can be divided into four , namely :

Central processing unit ( CPU ) , which controls all other units of the computer system / transform inputs into outputs . Detailed as follows : Primary storageControl unit ( control unit ) , making all the units work together as a system , arithmetic and logical unit , where berlangsungkan mathematical calculations and logic operations . Secondary storage ( secondary storage ) , menyedikan place to store programs and data when not in use .
Input unit , entering data into the primary storage .
Output Unit , and record or print the results of processing . ( primary storage ) , containing the processed data and programs , ...
Primary storage : storage area

CPU ( Central Processing Unit )
Central Processing Unit , is where the heart or the life of a computer . This was where all the processes are done by a computer takes place . Here are the major organs in the CPU :

Processor : Run the program .
Motherboard : The motherboard is the home of a device in which all related to be entered into the system must go through the motherboard .
Video Graphics Adapter ( VGA ) : Intermediary to translate the output of the processor to display to monior .
Power Supply Unit ( PSU ) : To supply power to all the components in the computer . As well as to stabilize the voltage automatically.
Hard Drive: One type of storage in a computer memory .
Memory ( speed ) : The bigger the more free memory capacity of a computer to execute the program .
Input Device
Input devices are divided into two groups, namely input devices directly and indirectly. Direct input tool allows input is processed directly by the CPU via the input device without first inserted into the external storage medium . Direct input device consists of several groups, namely : keyboards , pointing devices , scanners , voice recognizer . Indirect input device , wherein the data entered is not directly processed by the CPU , but the first recorded to a medium of a machine readable form ( form can be read by a computer and an external storage ) . Indirect input device comprising: keytocard , keytotape , keytodisk , etc.

Keyboard : The creation of a computer keyboard typewriter inspired by the creation of the basic design created and patented by Christopere Lathan in 1868 .
Mouse : can be moved anywhere in the direction of movement of our hands .
 Scanner : an electronic device that functions similar to a copy machine .
Monitor : Computer screen also called , serves to show that the information can be viewed .
Printer : used to print the data / information on paper
Speaker : function to release information in the form of sound
Processor : as the central data processing and controlling other devices work .
Mainboard : the machine frame computer where the processor and components - other components installed
Diskette Drive : called floppy drive , insert the floppy disk that place ( floppy ) . Function to read and write data on the diskette .
CD Drive : place insert a CD , or a function to read and write data on CD / VCD
 Hard drive: is the data storage . Hard drive are in the case ( body ) and the computer rarely move-move ( called fixed disks )
Memory ( RAM ) storage of temporary data . RAM stands for Random Accses Memory, the memory that can be accessed randomly by the processor .
 VGA - Card : components which display an image / display on the monitor . ( Video Graphics Array )
 Sound Card : functional components that process data into sound that will be displayed on the speakers
LAN Card : components that will connect with other computers . Not always exist on the computer , and installed if necessary.
 Modem : components are necessary if we want an internet connection , or to send data over the telephone network .
Stabilizer : stabilizing electric current that flows into the computer's power supply is not too ride - down which can cause damage to electronic equipment and data .
UPS : to prevent the computer is off when the unexpected electrical outages . At the time the power goes out , the UPS automatically provides power to the computer .
Output equipment
The resulting output of the processor can be classified into four forms , namely writing ( letters , digits , special symbols ) , image ( in the form of graphs or pictures ) , sound , and other forms that can be read by machine (machine - readable form ) . Equipment output can be:

Hard - copy device is a tool that is used to print text and images on hard media such as paper or film .
Soft - copy device is a tool that is used to display text and images in the media in the form of electronic signals software . Example : >> Printer : Output device that serves to print the data ( Document , Picture , web page , etc. ) >> Monitor : Output devices which display the data from the CPU . Projector >> : Just as a monitor , projector Dashboard displays data from the CPU , the output size projector badanya is much larger than the monitor . Speaker >> : Tool output for devices such as voice .
primary storage

Magnetic tape ( Magnetic Tapes )
Floppy disk ( diskette ) ,
 Zip Drive
flash Disk
hard Disk
Disk Optics ( Optical Disks )


Component - Component Software On Computer
Program Application ( Application Software )
The program is a software application that is ready to be used by the user to facilitate its work . The application program can be divided into :

   a. Word Processing
   Is a program that can be used ppengolah word for writing , editing the manuscript . An example is Microsoft Word 2003 , Microsoft Word 2010 , Lotus Ami Pro , and others .

   b . desktop Publishing
   Is a program that can be used to adjust the layout of a text before printing . An example is the Ventura Publisher and Page Maker .

   c . Spreadsheet programs
   Is a program that can be used to process the numbers . Numerical data processed in the column . Examples of these programs are Microsoft Excel , Lotus Improv , and others .

   d . Database Management System
   These programs are used to store , process data , and then generate the information . The data are processed in the form of a database . Conytohnya is Paradox , Microsoft Access , My Sql , and so on .

   e . Graphics
With this program we can have a graphical process data such as drawing , color meberi , create animations , photo editing , and others. Examples of programs are Corel Draw Graphics , Adobe Photoshop , PhotoShine , and others .

   f . Accounting program
   This program is used to manage finances . Usually those who use this program are companies with large cash flow . This sample program is Pacioli , 2000, Peach Tree Accounting , and so on .
 
   g . Statistics program
   This type of program is used to conduct research related to statistical analysis . Examples are Statistica , SAS , etc. .

   h . Communication
   This type of program is used to communicate with other users . An example is the Carbon Copy , DataFax , etc. .

   i . multimedia
   This program relates to multimedia tasks . An example is Adobe Premiere Pro , Microsoft Video , and others .

   j . game
   The program is only a game . For example, Prince Of Persia Need For Speed ​​, GTA , and others .

   k . antivirus
   Is a program that is used to detect and eradicate computer viruses . For example, it is much like Avira , AVK Kasper Sky , SmadAV , and others .